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1.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 12(1): 29-34, mar. 2020. graf, tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-193723

RESUMO

La enseñanza universitaria evoluciona hacia la formación basada en problemas. La prueba ECOE (Evaluación Clínica Objetiva Estructurada) permite evaluar la capacidad del alumno en tres de los cuatro escalones de la pirámide de Miller; saber, saber cómo y demostrar cómo (conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes). Esta es la prueba de evaluación de las practicas tuteladas y en la Universidad Cardenal Herrera CEU se ha impartido en los dos últimos cursos a un total de 79 alumnos con resultados satisfactorios. El alumno debe pasar por 5 estaciones donde en 5 minutos en cada una debe resolver el problema práctico que se le plantea. Un profesor entrenado hace de paciente y otro profesor evalúa las habilidades del alumno. Luego se pasó una encuesta de satisfacción anónima a los alumnos siendo el resultado de 4,12/6.Es necesario ir modificando los problemas planteados a los alumnos para que cada vez más se adapten a la realidad que se encontraran al obtener el grado como profesionales farmacéuticos


Higher education evolves towards Problem Based Learning. The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) assesses students’ competencies in three of the four levels of Miller’s pyramid; Knows, Knows How, and Shows How (knowledge, competence, and performance). In the last two years, a total of 79 students at Cardenal Herrera University CEU were assessed with this examination, with good results. Student are asked to go through 5 stations, in which they have 5 minutes to resolve a practical problem. A trained teacher acts as the patient, while another evaluates the student’s abilities. Next, an anonymous satisfaction survey is given to the students, with the result 4,12/6.The problems presented to the students must be changed constantly so that each time they increasingly adapt to the situations they will find in their real-life practice once the graduate as professional pharmacists


Assuntos
Humanos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Estudantes de Farmácia , Competência Clínica , Treinamento por Simulação , Educação em Farmácia
2.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 11(1): 14-18, mar. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-186869

RESUMO

Introducción: El deterioro cognitivo (DC) es una enfermedad que aumenta con la edad. Es importante conocer los factores protectores y de riesgo de esta enfermedad. Metodología: Estudio observacional realizado a 729 personas mayores de 65 años en 13 farmacias comunitarias durante dos años. Se recogieron datos demográficos (sexo, edad, nivel de estudios) y de estilos de vida (afición a la lectura, realización de pasatiempos, horas de televisión) y para el cribaje de los pacientes se realizaron los test SPMSQ (Short-Portable Mental State Questionaire) de Pfeiffer y Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) versión NORMADERM. También se realizó una revisión bibliográfica del tema. Resultados: Se detectó un 17,6% de DC. Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa como protección frente al DC con la afición a la lectura y el nivel de estudios. No se encontró asociación con las horas de televisión (TV) ni con la realización de pasatiempos. La revisión bibliográfica aportó más factores protectores y de riesgo. Discusión: Con nuestros datos podemos afirmar que tanto la reserva cognitiva (años de estudio) como la estimulación cognitiva (horas de lectura) protegen del DC. Sobre los demás datos obtenidos no se han encontrado coincidencias, por lo que sería necesario aumentar el tamaño muestral para poder realizar una comparación más eficaz. Conclusiones: El nivel educativo bajo es un factor de riesgo de DC, mientras que estudios superiores serían un factor preventivo. La lectura es un factor protector de DC


Introduction: Cognitive Dysfunction (CD) is a disease that increases with age. It is important to know the protective and risk factors for this disease. Methodology: Observational study carried out on 729 people over 65 years of age in community 13 pharmacies for two years. Demographic data were collected (sex, age, level of studies) and lifestyles (love of reading, hobbies such as crossword puzzles or sudokus etc, TV hours), and the SPMSQ (Short-Portable Mental State Questionaire) test of Pfeiffer and MiniMental State Examination (MMSE) were carried out to check the patient's CD. A bibliographic review of the subject was also conducted. Results: 17.6% of CD was detected. A statistically significant association was found as a protection against CD with a love of reading and the level of studies. No association was found with TV hours or hobbies. The literature review provided more protective and risk factors. Discussion: With our data we can affirm that both cognitive reserve (years of study) and cognitive stimulation (hours of reading) protect from CD. No coincidences were found on the other data obtained, so it would be necessary to increase the sample size in order to make a more effective comparison. Conclusions: Low educational level is a risk factor for CD while higher education would be a preventive factor. Reading is a protective factor of CD


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Disfunção Cognitiva/prevenção & controle , Farmácias/organização & administração , Fatores de Proteção , Disfunção Cognitiva/epidemiologia , Serviços de Saúde para Idosos , Estudos Transversais , Estilo de Vida , Envelhecimento Cognitivo , Fatores de Risco , Benzodiazepinas , Metformina
3.
J Oncol Pharm Pract ; 25(6): 1328-1335, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30086680

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency and toxicity of carboplatin using actual body weight in obese/overweight patients using the Calvert formula with Cockcroft-Gault for CrCl estimation. METHODS: We evaluated the association of BMI in regards to efficiency and toxicity in a retrospective cohort study of patients who started treatment with carboplatin between 2012 and 2013. Cohorts included obese/overweight patients and normal-weight patients. Efficiency was measured by overall survival, progression-free survival and response rate. Toxicity was measured by the proportion of dose reductions and delays of chemotherapy cycles. We utilized a bivariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Eighty-six patients were included in the study (50% obese/overweight). There was not a statistically significant difference in effectiveness and toxicity between the two groups in BMI. In the multivariate analysis, BMI not was associated with overall survival (hazard ratio: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.54-1.66, p = 0.849), progression-free survival (hazard ratio: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.54-1.54; p = 0.732), cycle delays (odds ratio (OR): 1.47, 95% CI: 0.80-2.69, p = 0.218) or carboplatin dose reductions (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.35-2.15, p = 0.760). Response rate was 53.5% in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, obese and overweight cancer patients did not show a statistically significant difference in terms of effectiveness and toxicity compared to normal-weight cancer patients who were treated with carboplatin using their actual body weight with the Calvert formula and Cockcroft-Gault for CrCl estimation. Therefore, it was appropriate to use the actual body weight for our patients.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Índice de Massa Corporal , Carboplatina/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Obesidade/complicações , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Peso Corporal , Carboplatina/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/complicações , Sobrepeso/complicações , Intervalo Livre de Progressão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida
4.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 10(4): 20-26, 28 dic., 2018. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-175292

RESUMO

Objetivo: desarrollar un programa de cribado de deterioro cognitivo (DC) en mayores de 50 años. Con la finalidad de que el servicio profesional farmacéutico sea más costo-efectivo utilizaremos un árbol de decisión para la selección del paciente. Además, se pretende valorar la importancia de la dieta mediterránea y el consumo de antioxidantes en la prevención del deterioro cognitivo y estudiar marcadores genéticos de riesgo de enfermedad de Alzheimer. Método: para ello se diseña un estudio observacional transversal mediante entrevista personal estructurada en pacientes que muestren indicios de pérdida de memoria. El estudio de captación se realizará en farmacias desde septiembre 2018 hasta septiembre de 2019. Los pacientes con puntuación en los test con posible DC se remitirán a atención primaria, previa presentación del proyecto a coordinación médica. Se perseguirá el resultado del diagnóstico obtenido en atención primaria y/o especializada. Se utilizarán como test de cribado el Memory Impairment Screening (MIS), Short Portable Mental State Questionnaire (SPMSQ) de Pfeiffer, el Fluidez Verbal Semántica (FVS) y siempre que sea posible el Test del Informador (TIN). Se define deterioro cognitivo por MIS ≤4; SPMSQ ≥ 3 (para analfabetos ≥ 4); FVS ≤10 palabras y el valor del TIN >57. A su vez se recogen una muestra de saliva del paciente, para estudio genético, y datos de nutrición para valorar la importancia de la dieta mediterránea y de los alimentos antioxidantes en la prevención del DC


The aim of this study is to develop a screening program for cognitive impairment (CI) in people older than 50 year old. In order to make the pharmaceutical professional service more cost-effective, we will use a decision tree for patient's selection. In addition, to assess the importance of the Mediterranean diet and the consumption of antioxidants in the prevention of cognitive deterioration and study genetic markers of risk of Alzheimers disease. A cross-sectional observational study is designed by a structured personal interview in patients showing signs of cognitive impairment. The recruitment study will be conducted in pharmacies from September 2018 to September 2019. Patients with a score on the tests with possible CI will be referred to primary care previous presentation of the project to the medical coordination. The result of the diagnosis obtained in primary and / or specialized care will be pursued. The Memory Impairment Test (MIS), the Short Portable Mental State Questionnaire (SPMSQ) of Pfeiffer, the Semantic Verbal Fluency (FVS) and, whenever possible, the Informer Test (TIN) will be used as screening tests. Cognitive impairment is defined by MIS ≤4; SPMSQ ≥ 3 (for illiterates ≥ 4); FVS ≤10 words. The value of TIN> 57. In turn, a sample of the patient's saliva, for genetic study, and nutrition data are collected through a survey to assess the importance of the Mediterranean diet and antioxidant foods in CI prevention


Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Serviços Comunitários de Farmácia , Disfunção Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Memória/diagnóstico , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Disfunção Cognitiva/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Memória/epidemiologia , Dinâmica Populacional , Espanha/epidemiologia
5.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 10(4): 29-32, 28 dic., 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-175294

RESUMO

En ancianos es frecuente la polimedicación. Esto incrementa el riesgo de sufrir reacciones adversas a los medicamentos, y también el riesgo de sufrir interacciones que pueden ser relevantes. Las interacciones más frecuentes son las que afectan a la farmacocinética de los medicamentos y, especialmente, al metabolismo de estos. Aquí el citocromo P450 tiene mucha relevancia, pero desde hace poco más de una década se conoce otro mecanismo implicado, las proteínas transportadoras de membrana. Dentro de estas tienen especial relevancia las OATP (Organic anion transporting polypeptide) de las que existen diferentes tipos y ubicaciones. La competición de diferentes substratos por estas proteínas puede generar interacciones que acaban repercutiendo en el tratamiento farmacoterapeutico del paciente


In the elderly, polymedication is frequent. This increases the risk of adverse reactions to medications, and also the risk of interactions that may be relevant. The most frequent interactions are those that affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs and, especially, their metabolism. Here the cytochrome P450 has a lot of relevance, but for a little more than a decade we know another mechanism involved, the membrane transporter proteins. Within these are the OATP (Organic anion transporting polypeptide) of which there are different types and locations. The competition of different substrates for these proteins can generate interactions that end up having an impact on the pharmacotherapeutic treatment of the patient


Assuntos
Humanos , Rosuvastatina Cálcica/efeitos adversos , Rosuvastatina Cálcica/farmacocinética , Olmesartana Medoxomila/efeitos adversos , Olmesartana Medoxomila/farmacocinética , Miosite/induzido quimicamente , Rosuvastatina Cálcica/uso terapêutico , Olmesartana Medoxomila/uso terapêutico
6.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 10(2): 5-14, 30 jun., 2018. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-174951

RESUMO

Introducción: Las prescripciones potencialmente inadecuadas son causas de aparición de problemas relacionados con los medicamentos y de resultados negativos de la medicación, principalmente en ancianos. Los estudios en farmacia comunitaria son escasos. Objetivos: Mejorar la farmacoterapia de pacientes mayores de 65 años polimedicados mediante entrevista con el paciente. Realizar un perfil farmacoterapéutico, de hábitos en salud y adherencia. Medir la intervención del farmacéutico, derivación y satisfacción del paciente. Hacer una evaluación económica. Metodología: Se diseñó un estudio piloto descriptivo en pacientes de una farmacia comunitaria en Valencia. Se recogieron datos en una base Microsoft Acces((R). Se midió la prevalencia de las prescripciones potencialmente inadecuadas mediante los criterios STOPP-START (2014) utilizando el software informático Checkthemeds(R). Resultados: Se realizó sobre 88 pacientes, 77 (87,5%) finalizaron. La prevalencia de prescripciones potencialmente inadecuadas fue de un 33,0% (26,0% STOPP y 7,0% START), siendo la sección A de los criterios STOPP la mayoritaria (duplicidades terapéuticas y fármacos sin indicación basada en la evidencia). El estreñimiento fue la condición clínica más prevalente. También destacó la falta de adherencia (52,0%), así como un 77,0% de pacientes sin los requerimientos hídricos necesarios. Se intervino en un 36,0% de las prescripciones potencialmente inadecuadas encontradas con un grado de aceptación del 14,0%. Se estimó que en un 9,0% de las ocasiones se evitó derivación con un ahorro medio de 6,57 Euros/paciente. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de los criterios STOPP fue similar a otros estudios. La de los criterios START menor. La entrevista permite descartar falsas prescripciones potencialmente inadecuadas. La revisión sistemática y protocolizada mejora la farmacoterapia mediante la detección en intervención en las prescripciones potencialmente inadecuadas


Background: Potentially inappropriate prescriptions are related with Medication Related Problems and Negative Medication Results, especially in the elderly. Few studies in community pharmacy are available. Objectives: To improve pharmacotherapy in patients over 65 years receiving more than five medicines. We investigated pharmacotherapy, healthy style, treatment adherence by conducting an open interview with the community pharmacist. Pharmacists' interventions, patients' satisfaction and costs were reported. Patients and methods: A descriptive study in a community pharmacy in Valencia (Spain) was designed. Data were collected in a Microsoft Acces (R) database and prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescriptions STOPP/START criteria 2014 was evaluated with the Checkthemeds (R) software. Results: 88 patients were enroled and 77 patients completed the study (87.5%). Prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescriptions was 33.0% (27.0% STOPP, 7.0% START criteria). A section (duplicities and low evidence treatments) was the most representative. Constipation was very common between the patients. Non-compliant patients (52.0%) and low hydration (77.0%) were important too. 36.0% of potentially inappropriate prescriptions required pharmacist intervention with 14.0% of agreement. 9.0% of potentially inappropriate prescriptions avoided medical intervention with a save of 6,57 Euros per patient. Conclusions: The prevalence of STOPP criteria was similar to that other studies. That of minor START criteria. The interview allows to eliminate false, potentially inadequate prescriptions. The systematic and protocolized review improves pharmacotherapy by identifying and intervening in potentially inadequate prescriptions


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Prescrição Inadequada/estatística & dados numéricos , Polimedicação , Assistência a Idosos , Assistência Farmacêutica , Estudo Observacional , Estudos Prospectivos
7.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 9(4): 18-25, oct.-dic. 2017. graf, tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-169048

RESUMO

La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una patología caracterizada por una reducción persistente del flujo de aire. Esta enfermedad pulmonar es progresiva y potencialmente mortal. Suele causar disnea y las exacerbaciones y comorbilidades asociadas hacen que el pronóstico sea peor. Se presenta un caso de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico realizado siguiendo la metodología del Foro de Atención Farmacéutica en Farmacia Comunitaria en el Aula de Práctica Farmacéutica «Paco Martínez» de la Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera a un paciente real con EPOC y polimedicado, utilizando como método el «aprendizaje basado en problemas». Como apoyo para la evaluación de la situación se realiza un análisis de las diferentes teorías publicadas sobre la ineficacia del tratamiento. Además, se expone el nuevo enfoque que se le quiere dar al tratamiento de los pacientes con EPOC, valorando la heterogeneidad de la enfermedad y la variabilidad clínica de cada paciente mediante la revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos científicas Pubmed/Medline y Google Académico, junto con la búsqueda de información en las diferentes páginas web de organismos oficiales, Organización Mundial de la Salud y Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AU)


Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a pathology characterized by a persistent reduction in airflow. This lung disease is progressive and potentially life-threatening. It can cause shortness of breath and predisposes you to severe exacerbations and illness, and symptoms gradually worsen. A case of pharmacotherapeutic follow-up carried out in the Pharmaceutical Practice Classroom «Paco Martínez» of the Cardenal Herrera CEU University is presented to a real patient with COPD and polymedicated. It is used as a learning method based on problems. To support the evaluation of the situation, an analysis will be made of the different theories published on the ineffectiveness of treatment. In addition, the new approach to the treatment of COPD patients will be presented, assessing the heterogeneity of the disease and the clinical variability of each patient through bibliographic review in scientific databases PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar, in addition to searching for information on the different websites of official institutions, the World Health Organization and the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Tratamento Farmacológico/métodos , Assistência Farmacêutica/organização & administração , Seguimentos , Broncodilatadores/classificação , Broncodilatadores/uso terapêutico , Comorbidade , Farmácia/métodos , Nebulizadores e Vaporizadores
8.
Rev Invest Clin ; 65(6): 500-9, 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24687357

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Frequency of cognitive impairment among people over 65 years old in community pharmacy. Study of asssociated factors, referral of cases to the specialist and inclusion in a program of health education. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study of prevalence, frequency, conducted in four pharmacies (two urban and two rural pharmacies) in the Autonomous Community of Valencia. PARTICIPANTS: people over 65 years old who come to the pharmacy and who agree to participate in the study after signing an informed consent. It is used as the initial screening test, the Short Portable Mental State Questionnaire of Pfeiffer. Pfeiffer positive cases undergo a second test (Mini-Mental State Examination, NORMACODEM version). A questionnaire designed specifically for the study has been used to collect information. It includes questions to gain demographic data, questions on lifestyle and chronic diseases. We used analysis logistic regression multilevel. RESULTS: 245 patients have participated (76% of respondents). 12.65% were detected to have cognitive impairment. In the Logistic regression analysis multivariate there is a relation between cognitive impairment and some variables: age, lack of reading habit, unusual reading habit, sleeping less than 6 or more than 8 hours a day. Only 12.9% wanted to be referred for clinical evaluation and 42% were included in a cognitive training program. CONCLUSIONS: There are asssociation between lifestyle habits that are modifiable and cognitive impairment.


Assuntos
Transtornos Cognitivos/epidemiologia , Estilo de Vida , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Transtornos Cognitivos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Cognitivos/reabilitação , Estudos Transversais , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Feminino , Hábitos , Promoção da Saúde , Humanos , Entrevista Psicológica , Atividades de Lazer , Masculino , Farmácias , Prevalência , Testes Psicológicos , Leitura , Fatores de Risco , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
9.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 44(7): 402-410, jul. 2012. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-102786

RESUMO

Objetivos: Mejorar el uso de benzodiazepinas (BZD) en ancianos desde una colaboración farmacéutico-médica. Diseño: Se realizó un estudio controlado simple ciego durante un año en farmacias con la finalidad de conseguir que las BZD sean eficaces, seguras y se utilicen el tiempo necesario. Emplazamiento: Once farmacias comunitarias de la Comunidad Valenciana. Participantes: Pacientes mayores de 65años tratados con BZD que acudieron a las farmacias participantes durante el periodo del estudio. Intervenciones: Entrevistas y seguimiento farmacoterapéutico durante un año. Medidas principales: Detección de duplicidades, reacciones adversas al medicamento, interaccciones farmacológicas y medida de la efectividad del tratamiento. Resultados: Se estudiaron 314 pacientes, distribuidos de forma aleatoria al grupo control o intervención, que utilizaban 346 BZD. El 67% utilizaban BZD durante más de 1 año. Solo el 5% de los pacientes con insomnio conocía que la duración del tratamiento debía ser inferior al mes. El 20% utilizaban BZD de vida larga, 76% de vida media y el 4% de vida corta. Se detectaron 132 interacciones farmacológicas y 278 RAM: 32% pérdida de memoria, 21% somnolencia, 12% incoordinación motora, 8,3% mareo y confusión, 8,3% desorientación y 10% otras. Se realizaron 426 intervenciones farmacéuticas, 30 aceptadas por el médico, y se resolvieron 78 al finalizar el año. El 30% de los casos del grupo intervención fueron satisfactorios, y solo 11% del control. Conclusiones: Las benzodiazepinas se utilizan en los pacientes ancianos de la Comunidad Valenciana con mayor frecuencia y por periodos más prolongados de lo recomendado por la Agencia Española del Medicamento(AU)


Aims: To improve the use of benzodiazepines (BZD) in the elderly by a pharmacist-physician collaboration, and to insure that BZD are effective, safe, and used as long as necessary. Design: A single blind controlled study was conducted on 11 pharmacies in the Community of Valencia. Setting: Eleven pharmacies in the Community of Valencia. Participants: Patients older than 65years treated with BZD attending the participating pharmacies. Interventions: Interviews and pharmaceutical care for a year. Main measurement: detection of duplications, adverse drug reactions, drug interactions and measuring the effectiveness of the treatment. Results: We studied 314 patients, randomised to control or intervention and who used 346 BZD. The majority (67%) of patients used BZD for more than 1 year. Only 5% patients with anxiety knew the duration of treatment should be one month. Long-acting BZD were used by 20% of the patients, 76% used medium-acting (39% lorazepam and 37% other BZD) and 4% short-acting BZD. A total of 132 drug interactions were detected and 278 adverse drug reactions: 32% memory loss, 21% drowsiness, 12% lack of coordination, 8.3% dizziness and confusion, 8,3% disorientation and 10% others. A total of 426 pharmacist interventions were performed, 30 accepted by the doctor and 78 were resolved at the end of the year of study. Eleven per cent of cases were considered satisfactory in the control group and 30% in the intervention group. Conclusion: The use of benzodiazepines in the Community of Valencia exceeds the recommendations of the Spanish Medicines Agency(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Benzodiazepinas/uso terapêutico , Farmácias/organização & administração , Farmácias/normas , Farmácias , Benzodiazepinas/efeitos adversos , Benzodiazepinas/farmacocinética , Indicador de Colaboração , Método Simples-Cego
10.
Aten Primaria ; 44(7): 402-10, 2012 Jul.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22023889

RESUMO

AIMS: To improve the use of benzodiazepines (BZD) in the elderly by a pharmacist-physician collaboration, and to insure that BZD are effective, safe, and used as long as necessary. DESIGN: A single blind controlled study was conducted on 11 pharmacies in the Community of Valencia. SETTING: Eleven pharmacies in the Community of Valencia. PARTICIPANTS: Patients older than 65 years treated with BZD attending the participating pharmacies. INTERVENTIONS: Interviews and pharmaceutical care for a year. MAIN MEASUREMENT: detection of duplications, adverse drug reactions, drug interactions and measuring the effectiveness of the treatment. RESULTS: We studied 314 patients, randomised to control or intervention and who used 346 BZD. The majority (67%) of patients used BZD for more than 1 year. Only 5% patients with anxiety knew the duration of treatment should be one month. Long-acting BZD were used by 20% of the patients, 76% used medium-acting (39% lorazepam and 37% other BZD) and 4% short-acting BZD. A total of 132 drug interactions were detected and 278 adverse drug reactions: 32% memory loss, 21% drowsiness, 12% lack of coordination, 8.3% dizziness and confusion, 8,3% disorientation and 10% others. A total of 426 pharmacist interventions were performed, 30 accepted by the doctor and 78 were resolved at the end of the year of study. Eleven per cent of cases were considered satisfactory in the control group and 30% in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: The use of benzodiazepines in the Community of Valencia exceeds the recommendations of the Spanish Medicines Agency.


Assuntos
Benzodiazepinas/uso terapêutico , Comportamento Cooperativo , Prescrições de Medicamentos/normas , Comunicação Interdisciplinar , Farmacêuticos , Médicos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Método Simples-Cego
13.
Rev. fitoter ; 6(2): 161-163, oct. 2006. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-051365

RESUMO

Erica scoparia L. es una especie autóctona del matorral mediterráneo de la cual no se han realizado hasta el momento ningún estudio farmacológico para valorar su posible potencial medicinal. Se obtienen los extractos metanólico y hexánico de las hojas en las que se aíslan triterpenos con esqueletos de tipo lupano y ursano. Se ha demostrado que estos extractos no son tóxicos y han presentado actividad analgésica según la prueba de la Placa Caliente


Erica scoparia L. is and endemic mediterranean taxon. However non pharmacological studies have been carried out on this specie. The metanolic and hexanic extracts were obtained of Erica scoparia L., leaves where triterpenes are present with lupane and ursolic skeletons type. In addition, these extracts are not toxic and have demonstrated analgesic activity according to Hot Plate test


Assuntos
Humanos , Ericaceae/química , Ericaceae/classificação , Analgésicos/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Folhas de Planta/química
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